As such, human trafficking affects virtually all OSCE participating States as countries of origin, transit or destination. This modern form of slavery is an affront to human dignity, often involving psychological terror and physical violence. The OSCE addresses many issues relevant to human trafficking: human rights and rule of law; corruption and crime control; discrimination and inequality; economic, labour, and migration policies. 

The OSCE Action Plan to Combat Trafficking in Human Beings provides the framework for OSCE activities in support of the anti-trafficking efforts of OSCE participating States. It contains core recommendations for action at the national level, known as the “3 Ps”:

• Prevention, including awareness-raising and addressing root causes;
• Prosecution, including investigation and co-operation with international law enforcement; and
• Protection of victims’ rights, including assistance and compensation.